in Cerebrospinal Fluid Hydrodynamics Research up to 1962
1700 B.C.
The oldest written record describing brain, meninges and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF): the Egyptian “Edwin Smith Surgical Papyrus”
1701
Antonio Pacchioni describes arachnoids granulations
1764
Domenico Cotugno describes the CSF system: the ventricles, the cranial and spinal subarachnoidal space
1783
Alexander Monro 2nd, states that the volume of the cranial vault and its blood volume is constant
1824
George Kellie adds the cerebral parenchyma as the second constituent to Monro’s statement of constant volume and inaugurates the Monro-Kellie doctrine
1825
Francois Magendie describes the circulation of CSF among the ventricles, the cranial and spinal subarachnoidal space
1846
George Burrows modifies the Monro-Kellie doctrine by adding the cranial and spinal CSF space as a third constituent
1869
Gustav Schwalbe describes a connection between the subarachnoidal space and the cervical lymphatic system
1911
Walter Dandy confirmes that the production of cerebrospinal fluid is a function of the choroid plexus
1923
Robert Elman describes CSF removal into spinal veins along nerve roots
1926
Harvey Cushing introduces the term »the third circulation« based on Magendie’s descriptions of CSF circulation
1934
Jules Masserman develops a technique for measuring CSF formation based on the time of restitution of CSF pressure after CSF volume change
1935
Lewis Weed develops a technique for measuring CSF removal based on the hydrostatic and oncotic pressure difference between CSF and venous blood
1957
James Millen and David Woollam describe the basic homeostatic regulation principles of CSF circulation
1960
Nils Lundberg describes intracranial pressure waves
1962
John Pappenheimer and associates develop the cerebral ventriculocisternal perfusion technique for measuring CSF production